Just like we have an App Indexing API ranking boost, an HTTPS ranking boost, a mobile friendly ranking boost and other Google ranking boosts - yesterday, Google implied they may give pages created using their Accelerated Mobile Pages technology a ranking boost in the future.
Search Engine Land reports "from the event, two important tidbits: AMP pages may get a ranking boost and perhaps a “fast” label designation, similar to how Google shows labels for mobile-friendly pages. Both points are speculative however." Yes, page speed does help with ranking but currently it is only measured on your desktop site and it is a very very light weight signal.
Google also announced yesterday that AMP pages will come to Google search as early as late February 2016. Google said, "Google will begin sending traffic to AMP pages in Google Search as early as late February, 2016."
Dave Besbris from Google said on Google+, "AMP is coming as soon as February to Google Search. We're seeing lots of great momentum from the publisher and technology worlds. Let's make the web faster."
Mariya Moeva from Google, who is very involved on the ranking end, teased us saying "the most interesting part lies ahead..." when talking about AMP.
Will Google make a ranking boost for AMP? Sure, why not. Will it make a big difference? Probably not.