Over a year ago, Google launched App Indexing where you can deep link your app content using an XML document, so that if someone searches in Google's mobile results on their Android device, and if they have your app, and if the query is relevant to your app content, Google would potentially include a link in the mobile results to your app's content. When you click on that link, it would open your app and take you directly to the content in the app.
That specifically has only worked on Android apps. But you'd have to imagine Google will bring support, despite Apple not probably making it easy, to iOS devices.
Mariya from the Google Webmaster team, who is focused a lot of app indexing, responded to a question on Google Webmaster Help confirming Android is only supported now but dropped a hint that iOS may come in the future.
She wrote:
Indeed, as has already been mentioned, app indexing is supported only for Android for now. Stay tuned for updates (:
The "stay tuned for updates" followed by the backwards smiley face, is that hint.
In any event, clearly the only way for App Indexing to really take off is for Google to offer iOS support.
Forum discussion at Google Webmaster Help.