Google's John Mueller said that Google does not favor fresh content over I guess stale content. Although earlier this week, Google's John Mueller said they do index fresh content pages more often, but indexing and ranking are separate.
Google said this on Twitter when John Mueller was outright asked "Does Google favor "fresh" content?" John responded with a one word - "no."
No
— John ☆.o(≧▽≦)o.☆ (@JohnMu) August 18, 2018
Earlier this week, John Mueller from Google said Google crawls pages that are more important and referenced the crawl budget topic that discusses "Staleness" as a factor on how frequently a page is crawled. Of course, all of you know crawling and ranking are different things.
The last time we discussed how Google treats fresh content was back in 2007 and 2006 - wow it has been a while.
Forum discussion at Twitter.
Update: I should have added the exception of QDF Query Deserves Freshness but again, I am just reporting what John said. There is obviously cases where freshness matters, i,e. news, trending topics, weather events, etc.