Danny Sullivan, now at Google, wrote on Twitter that he has been considering writing a Google Guide to Search document on how organic search works, the features, etc. He said " I've actually seriously been considering a Google Guide to Search Style on features and stuff." Here is the tweet:
I can't speak for AdWords but yeah, I've actually seriously been considering a Google Guide to Search Style on features and stuff :)
— Danny Sullivan (@dannysullivan) June 28, 2018
Google does have a how search works portal that goes through some of this already. I am not sure how much it will different from this portal. Maybe it would go through more about how featured snippets work, knowledge panels, smart answers, one box, the format of the page, etc. The only issue is, if Google started writing it today, it would months to do and by the time they were done, the user interfaces would have been all changed by then. :)
Update: Here is clarification from Danny about what he meant by this:
Search *Style* like do you capitalize letters or is autocomplete one word. Not a replacement for How Search Works
— Danny Sullivan (@dannysullivan) June 28, 2018
Forum discussion at Twitter.