Google's John Mueller confirmed that Google won't be looking at the max-age value of your JavaScript or CSS files when crawling and indexing those details. John Mueller said on Twitter "No, generally not for search" we do not look at that.
Here are those tweets:
No, generally not for search.
— 🍌 John 🍌 (@JohnMu) October 23, 2018
The max-age value is often used for caching techniques with those types of files.
Forum discussion at Twitter.