Today on Google's home page worldwide is a logo for S. Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar. He was an Indian American astrophysicist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics. He is well known for his efforts in understanding the evolution of stars, hence the out of this world Google stars logo. In fact, he has a scientific term named after him, the Chandrasekhar limit.
He was born on October 19, 1910 in British India, now Pakistan and died at the age of 84 on August 21, 1995 in Chicago, Illinois. He became a US citizen in 1953, spending most of his time at the University of Chicago.
Google wrote that their Doodle is to "honor the original starman whose universal theories propel current space research and modern astronomy on their ambitious missions."
Here is the animated version:
This is going live tomorrow (or today, depending on where you are), October 19th, for his 107th birthday.
Forum discussion at Google+.